

写在前面:大家好啊,这是一份迟到的一年一度的2025年KSU Swine Day总结!美国堪萨斯州立大学KSU在猪营养应用方面是响当当的权威高校。猪业日也是KSU的传统,过去几年,我们公众号团队一直有总结和翻译这些研究成果。
今年KSU分享了36个最新研究,包含了母猪营养与管理、仔猪营养与管理、生长育肥猪营养与管理、猪群健康与管理等等方面......我们就继续来个每篇一句话总结吧!
🔗https://www.asi.k-state.edu/events/swine-day/swine-day-publications.html
(每年的英文摘要都有哦~)
**开始正文之前要特别说明,由于报告多、数据量大,没能做到一篇篇深读,理解可能有不准确的地方,欢迎讨论指出哦~ 同时,一句话总结没有给出实验设计的细节,所以大家在理解结论时请一定要结合具体情况来,避免以偏概全。
1). 在过渡期和哺乳期将 SID Arg:Lys 比例从 90% 提高至 120% 并未观察到分娩产程、乳成分或母猪及仔猪生产性能改善。
Effect of Increasing Arginine: Lysine Ratio During Transition and Lactation on Farrowing Kinetics, Milk Composition, and Sow and Litter Performance
- Sara Virdis, et al.
2). 在哺乳期日粮中添加 4% 奶酪副产物对母猪采食量、体况变化及仔猪生长和成活率均无显著影响。Effect of Lactation Diets Containing a Cheese Co-product on Sow and Litter Performance- Grady A. Privett, et al.3). 不同铁剂来源和注射方案未见影响仔猪生长性能,但使用葡庚糖酐铁(gleptoferron)及较高或分次补铁方案显著提高哺乳期血红蛋白水平。Effect of Two Injectable Iron Sources and Three Administration Programs on Growth Performance and Hemoglobin Levels in Suckling Pigs4). 对正常母猪补钙未见改善分娩表现,但对高风险母猪,围产期注射葡萄糖酸钙可降低死胎率并提高活产率。Evaluating Calcium Administration Protocols Around Farrowing on Sow Performance- Abigail K. Jenkins, et al.5). 不同分乳饲养策略在断奶前后均未见改善仔猪生长性能或降低死亡率,相比不分乳并无优势。Evaluation of Split Suckling Strategies on Pre- and Post-Weaning Piglet Growth and Mortality- Mikayla S. Spinler, et al.6). 仔猪数超过有效乳头数可提高每窝断奶仔猪数,但同时增加母猪体重损失和仔猪死亡率,最佳比例取决于生产目标。The Effect of Litter Size Relative to Functional Teat Count on Lactating Sow and Litter Performance- Abigail K. Jenkins, et al.7). 妊娠期与哺乳期母猪体重变化存在代偿关系,且两阶段体重动态共同决定窝均增重,对初产与经产母猪影响模式不同。The Effect of Sow Body Weight Change During Gestation on Sow Body Weight Change and Litter Average Daily Gain During Lactation- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.
8). 提高断奶仔猪日粮中改性玉米蛋白添加水平会在早期显著降低日增重并降低料转化效率,整体育成期无性能优势。
Determining the Dose-Response Effects of a Modified Corn Protein Product in Nursery Pig Diets
- Paula Giacomini, et al.
9). 饲粮补充S-abscisic acid(S-诱抗素)不影响保育猪生长性能,但可降低红细胞氧化还原比值,改善抗氧化状态而未见降低生产性能。Effect of a Novel Dietary Antioxidant on Growth Performance and Antioxidant Status of Nursery Pigs- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.10). 与低系酸力(acid binding-capacity)饲粮相比,含高剂量 ZnO 的配方显著提高保育猪采食量和增重,而相比之下饮水的酸化程度对整体生产性能影响有限。Effect of Dietary Formulation Strategy, Water Source, and Water Acidification on Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter in Nursery Pigs- Maxwell L. Corso, et al.11). 在健康猪群中,降低保育初期料在整个保育料中的占比可在不损害生长的情况下改善经济回报,且断奶体重越高,保育期生长和经济效益越好。Effect of Phase Feeding Budget and Weaning Weight on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Economics: A Follow-Up Study- Julian Arroyave, et al.12). 以玉米蛋白产品替代日粮中鱼粉和酶解豆粕日粮降低了保育猪早期采食量和增重。Effect of Two Specialty Corn Protein-Based Products on Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter in Nursery Pigs- Tomas Porcel de Peralta, et al.13). 锌的来源(ZnO或Zn hydroxychloride)和添加水平(3000/2000 ppm或1000/500 ppm)对保育猪生长性能和粪便干物质无显著影响,但降低日粮锌水平可显著减少粪锌排放。Effect of Zinc Source and Level on Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and Fecal Zinc Concentration of Nursery Pigs- Julian Arroyave, et al.14). 高豆粕日粮(30-36% vs 24-29%)在早期保育阶段抑制生长并导致死淘率上升,而添加芽孢杆菌可缓解高豆粕对饲料转化效率和死淘率的不利影响。Effects of a Bacillus-Based Feed Additive in Nursery Pig Diets Containing Low or High Levels of Soybean Meal15). 日粮中添加复合酶未改善整体生长表现,且在副产物型日粮中对肠道形态和部分养分消化率产生负面影响。Effects of Compound Enzymes in Nursery Pig Diets of Different Nutrient Density16). 在低营养密度日粮中,特定复合酶可提高保育猪干物质、蛋白和纤维消化率,但生长性能仍落后于饲喂高营养密度日粮的水平。Effects of Compound Enzymes in Reduced Nutrient Density Nursery Pig Diets17). 不同铜添加策略对保育猪生长性能的影响有限,高水平或特定阶段供铜未持续改善整体 ADG 或F/G。Effects of Copper Feeding Strategy on Growth Performance of Nursery Pigs- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.18). 饮水或日粮中添加单甘油酯和有机酸可改善保育猪早期肠道环境并提高粪便干物质,但对整体生长性能提升有限。Effects of Diet and Water Monoglyceride and Acid Supplementation19). 降低保育猪日粮粗蛋白有助于维持采食量,而药理剂量氧化锌可以改善早期日增重、采食量和粪便干物质,但优势不能持续到保育后期。Effects of Dietary Crude Protein and Added Zinc on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Jentry J. Squires, et al.20). 水解酵母在特定添加水平下可改善保育猪料肉比并调节炎症因子,但整体生长性能提升不及抗生素对照。Effects of Hydrolyzed Yeast on Weanling Pig Growth Performance and Stress-related Blood Antioxidant Criteria- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.21). 随着ValoproWin (一种复配膳食纤维添加剂) 添加量增加,保育猪粪便干物质线性提高,但ADG 和料肉比呈二次下降反应,过量不利于性能。Effects of Increasing Dietary Level of ValoproWin in Low ABC-4 Diets on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Julian Arroyave, et al.22). 提高乳糖水平可改善保育猪早期采食量和体重,而药理剂量氧化锌显著促进早期生长,但两者均未能将优势保持到整个 42 天保育期结束。Effects of Increasing Lactose with or without Pharmacological Levels of Zinc on Nursery Pig Performance23). 提高SID Val:Lys 比例可改善料肉比,断点分析显示 69–72% 为50–80 磅(22.7-36.3 kg)猪的最优区间。Effects of Increasing Standardized Ileal Digestible Valine:Lysine Ratios on the Growth Performance of 50 to 80 lb Pigs- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.24). 在保育猪无DDGS 日粮中 SID Lys:CP 比率≈6.7(%)、含 DDGS 日粮中≈6.45(%)时饲料效率最佳,过高比例会降低利用效率。(注:赖氨酸蛋白比是美国猪营养配方中一种限制日粮合成氨基酸用量或维持最低蛋白含量的常用指标)Effects of Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine:Crude Protein Ratio with or without DDGS- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.25). 使用热处理豆粕部分替代常规豆粕(约25–50%)可改善保育猪早期生长和粪便性状,但高替代比例不利于生长性能。Effects of Thermo-Mechanically Processed Soybean Meal on Nursery Pig Growth and Fecal Characteristics- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.26). ValoproWin (一种复配膳食纤维添加剂) 可改善保育猪早期粪便干物质含量,但随添加量增加料肉比趋于变差,同时,在配方中针对该产品进行营养校正的应用方法优于直接添加。Effects of ValoproWin and Formulation Strategy on Nursery Pig Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Julian Arroyave, et al.27). 保育开始阶段日粮中豆粕比例增加,会造成断奶仔猪前 3 周生长性能和粪便干物质下降,但猪只在后期逐渐适应,使得整体保育期生长未见受影响。Evaluating the Effects of Startup Soybean Meal on Nursery Pig Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and ATTD of Crude Protein- Paula Giacomini, et al.28). 低系酸力配方可改善保育猪饲料转化效率和粪便干物质,而将粗蛋白从 21% 降至18% 会降低生长性能,但通过补充合成氨基酸可部分弥补。Evaluation of Crude Protein and Acid-Binding Capacity on Nursery Pig Growth Performance and Fecal Dry Matter- Jessica L. Smallfield, et al.29). 饮粮中胰蛋白酶抑制因子水平高于1.4 TIU/mg 会线性降低日增重、采食量和养分消化率,仅在早期短暂提高粪便干物质。Evaluation of Increasing Trypsin Inhibitor on Nursery Pig Growth Performance, Fecal Dry Matter, and Nutrient Digestibility- Sierra M. Collier, et al.30). 在25-50磅(11.3-22.7 kg)保育猪日粮中提高 SID Lys 可改善日增重和料肉比,但其反应幅度受能量水平和豆粕含量共同影响,说明赖氨酸∶能量和赖氨酸∶蛋白比例至关重要。Evaluation of Net Energy, SID Lysine, and Soybean Meal Content Interactions in Pigs from 25 to 50 lb- Hilario M. Cordoba, et al.
31). 在育肥期饲喂药理剂量铜可显著提高生长性能和胴体重,其效果主要出现在育肥早期,而不同铜源(TBCC vs. CuSO₄)之间无显著差异。Effect of Copper Source on Finishing Pig Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics- Samantha A. Swanson, et al.32). 在生长育肥猪日粮中随着SID Lys:CP 比例提高,虽然血尿素氮显著下降,但饲料转化效率同时持续下降,表明过度降低粗蛋白会限制育肥猪生长效率。(注:赖氨酸蛋白比是美国猪营养配方中一种限制日粮合成氨基酸用量或维持最低蛋白含量的常用指标)。Effect of Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine to Crude Protein Ratio on Growth Performance of 100 to 275 lb Pigs- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.33). 在日常营养需要水平的添加量下,不同锌源对育肥猪生长性能和主要胴体性状无显著影响,仅在背膘和瘦肉率上呈现较小差异。Effect of Zinc Source Fed at Nutritional Levels on Finishing Pig Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics- Julian Arroyave, et al.34). 在育肥早期和后期,提高日粮中豆粕水平会导致采食量降低而改善饲料转化率,但在添加DDGS(早期30%、后期15%)的情况下,过高豆粕会抑制生长性能,而适中豆粕的水平可优化饲料转化效率和部分胴体性状。Effects of Increasing Soybean Meal in Diets with or without Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Pigs in Early and Late Finishing Phases- Paula Giacomini, et al.35). 相比传统分阶段日粮育肥方式相比,使用单一日粮育肥策略降低了采食量,但改善了饲料效率,在整个育肥期的经济回报方面两种策略未见显著区别。Evaluation of Phase Feeding and Complete Diet Blending on Growing-Finishing Pigs’ Growth Performance and Diet Economics- Ron Aldwin S. Navales, et al.
36). 热水冲洗结合 Virkon S(卫可)消毒在降低环境表面大肠杆菌污染水平方面最有效,而料槽边缘是最难彻底清洁的区域。Evaluation of Sanitation Procedures in Swine Nursery Facilities Utilizing ATP Bioluminescence写在后面:好啦!今年KSU Swine Day所有的实验报告都总结完啦,希望能对你有所帮助。不知道有多少朋友坚持看到这里了呢?给你点赞!
Reference (可以点左下角 查看原文)
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports:
Volume 11, Issue 7 (2025) Swine Day阅读原文